{"id":6142,"date":"2022-04-03T11:15:00","date_gmt":"2022-04-03T09:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dg.daniellatal.cz\/?p=6142"},"modified":"2023-01-03T11:18:23","modified_gmt":"2023-01-03T10:18:23","slug":"ucelnost-vyuziti-nahradniho-automobilu-a-nakladu-na-jeho-pronajem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dg.daniellatal.cz\/index.php\/2022\/04\/03\/ucelnost-vyuziti-nahradniho-automobilu-a-nakladu-na-jeho-pronajem\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00da\u010delnost vyu\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1hradn\u00edho automobilu a n\u00e1klad\u016f na jeho pron\u00e1jem"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong><em>Mgr. Karel Gerhardt,&nbsp;<\/em><\/strong><em>advok\u00e1tn\u00ed koncipient<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00davod<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Je obvyklou situac\u00ed, \u017ee po\u0161kozen\u00fd z dopravn\u00ed nehody si mus\u00ed pronajmout n\u00e1hradn\u00ed automobil, a\u0165 u\u017e do\u0161lo na jeho aut\u011b k&nbsp;tot\u00e1ln\u00edmu po\u0161kozen\u00ed nebo jeho automobil vy\u017eaduje nutnou opravu. V&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee po\u0161kozen\u00fd nehodu nezp\u016fsobil, m\u00e1 n\u00e1rok na zaplacen\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f za pron\u00e1jem n\u00e1hradn\u00edho automobilu po druh\u00e9m \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edkovi, kter\u00fd nehodu zavinil. Uplatn\u011bn\u00ed t\u011bchto n\u00e1klad\u016f nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt dle \u00dastavn\u00edho soudu (I. \u00daS 3831\/17) bezb\u0159eh\u00e9 a v\u017edy mus\u00ed b\u00fdt spln\u011bna podm\u00ednka \u00fa\u010delnosti vyu\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1hradn\u00edho automobilu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Zda jsou n\u00e1klady na pron\u00e1jem n\u00e1hradn\u00edho automobilu nutn\u00e9 a \u00fa\u010deln\u00e9 z\u00e1vis\u00ed na konkr\u00e9tn\u00edch okolnostech p\u0159\u00edpadu se z\u0159etelem na postup obvykl\u00fd p\u0159i \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed n\u00e1sledk\u016f obdobn\u00fdch nehod. Hledisko \u00fa\u010delnosti zahrnuje jak srovnatelnou kvalitu n\u00e1hradn\u00edho vozu, tak dobu, po kterou je opodstatn\u011bno jeho vyu\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dle \u00dastavn\u00edho soudu (sp. zn. I. \u00daS 3831\/17) je smyslem a \u00fa\u010delem poskytnut\u00ed n\u00e1hradn\u00edho automobilu&nbsp;<strong>zachov\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9ho \u017eivotn\u00edho standardu<\/strong>&nbsp;po\u0161kozen\u00e9ho v situaci, kdy dojde k \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9mu, anebo tot\u00e1ln\u00edmu po\u0161kozen\u00ed (zni\u010den\u00ed) vozidla. Poskytnut\u00edm n\u00e1hradn\u00edho vozidla nen\u00ed po\u0161kozen\u00fd ponech\u00e1n v t\u00edsni a umo\u017en\u00ed se mu v\u00e9st, co do kvality, obdobn\u00fd \u017eivot jako p\u0159ed dopravn\u00ed nehodou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Dle Nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho soudu (\u010d. j. 25 Cdo 2015\/2019-166) skute\u010dnou \u0161kodu, spo\u010d\u00edvaj\u00edc\u00ed v n\u00e1kladech na n\u00e1jem n\u00e1hradn\u00edho vozu, je\u017e p\u0159evy\u0161uj\u00ed n\u00e1klady na provoz vlastn\u00edho vozu, je odpov\u011bdn\u00fd subjekt povinen nahradit&nbsp;<strong>jen v rozsahu, v jak\u00e9m n\u00e1klady byly vynalo\u017eeny nutn\u011b a \u00fa\u010deln\u011b na n\u00e1jem n\u00e1hradn\u00ed v\u011bci, odpov\u00eddaj\u00edc\u00ed v\u011bci po\u0161kozen\u00e9<\/strong>. I u srovnateln\u00e9ho n\u00e1hradn\u00edho vozidla plat\u00ed, \u017ee rozsah n\u00e1hrady, k n\u00ed\u017e je \u0161k\u016fdce povinen, je omezen hlediskem \u00fa\u010delnosti. V\u00fd\u0161i n\u00e1hrady \u0161kody, za n\u00ed\u017e \u0161k\u016fdce odpov\u00edd\u00e1, je t\u0159eba stanovit s ohledem na obvykl\u00e9 ceny n\u00e1jmu obdobn\u00fdch osobn\u00edch aut v dan\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b a \u010dase; v\u00fd\u0161e n\u00e1hrady nen\u00ed toti\u017e d\u00e1na \u010d\u00e1stkou skute\u010dn\u011b vyplacenou v jak\u00e9koliv v\u00fd\u0161i, ale v\u00fd\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stky \u00fa\u010deln\u011b vynalo\u017een\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00da\u010delnost vyu\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1hradn\u00edho automobilu p\u0159i tot\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161kod\u011b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">V&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee dojde k&nbsp;tot\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161kod\u011b (oprava po\u0161kozen\u00e9ho vozidla je nehospod\u00e1rn\u00e1) odv\u00edj\u00ed se \u00fa\u010delnost vyu\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1hradn\u00edho automobilu p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm od rozhodnut\u00ed (vyrozum\u011bn\u00ed) poji\u0161\u0165ovny o tot\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161kod\u011b. Toto rozhodnut\u00ed se nesm\u00ed zam\u011b\u0148ovat se&nbsp;z\u00e1v\u011brem technika poji\u0161\u0165ovny o tot\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161kod\u011b, nebo\u0165 ten nerozhoduje o zp\u016fsobu likvidace \u0161kody.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Do rozhodnut\u00ed o tot\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161kod\u011b nen\u00ed sporu o tom, \u017ee n\u00e1hradn\u00ed automobil po\u0161kozen\u00fd pot\u0159eboval. V&nbsp;dob\u011b po tomto rozhodnut\u00ed by m\u011blo b\u00fdt vyu\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1hradn\u00edho automobilu \u00fa\u010deln\u00e9 do v\u00fdplaty pojistn\u00e9ho pln\u011bn\u00ed. Takov\u00fd postup by se m\u011bl, ale vztahovat pouze na osoby, kter\u00e9 nejsou natolik solventn\u00ed, aby si ihned po rozhodnut\u00ed o tot\u00e1ln\u00ed \u0161kod\u011b mohli dovolit koupit jin\u00fd automobil.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">N\u00e1rok na vyu\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1hradn\u00edho automobilu by se m\u011bl t\u00fdkat p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm osob, kter\u00e9 nemaj\u00ed k&nbsp;dispozici jin\u00fd automobil. V&nbsp;opa\u010dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b se mus\u00ed p\u0159ihl\u00e9dnout op\u011bt ke konkr\u00e9tn\u00edm okolnostem p\u0159\u00edpadu. P\u0159edstavit si lze situaci, kdy po\u0161kozenu byl zni\u010den n\u00e1kladn\u00ed automobil, kter\u00fd vyu\u017e\u00edval k&nbsp;zam\u011bstn\u00e1n\u00ed a jako druh\u00fd automobil m\u00e1 k&nbsp;dispozici pouze osobn\u00ed vozidlo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00da\u010delnost vyu\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1hradn\u00edho automobilu p\u0159i \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u00e9m po\u0161kozen\u00ed automobilu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Za \u00fa\u010deln\u00e9 se pova\u017euje vyu\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1hradn\u00edho automobilu do dokon\u010den\u00ed opravy po\u0161kozen\u00e9ho automobilu. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b s&nbsp;ohledem na v\u00fd\u0161e uveden\u00e9, nesm\u00ed b\u00fdt tato oprava prov\u00e1d\u011bna po dobu del\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e je nezbytn\u011b nutn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00da\u010delnost vyu\u017eit\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f vynalo\u017een\u00fdch na n\u00e1jem n\u00e1hradn\u00edho automobilu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po\u0161kozen\u00fd by m\u011bl zpravidla vyu\u017e\u00edt n\u00e1hradn\u00ed automobil ve srovnateln\u00e9 kvalit\u011b s jeho vozidlem. V&nbsp;p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee je po\u0161kozen\u00e9mu poskytnut automobil ve v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed kvalit\u011b, m\u011bl by tento po\u0161kozen\u00fd vz\u00edt v&nbsp;\u00favahu, \u017ee mu n\u00e1sledn\u011b nebudou nahrazeny n\u00e1klady (n\u00e1jem) v&nbsp;cel\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161i, ale pouze pom\u011brn\u011b. Takov\u00e1 situace je obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 nev\u00fdhodn\u00e1 pro po\u0161kozen\u00e9 se star\u0161\u00edmi automobily, nebo\u0165 takov\u00e9 automobily autop\u016fj\u010dovny ji\u017e neposkytuj\u00ed. Tito po\u0161kozen\u00ed by m\u011bli p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm zv\u00e1\u017eit, zda nen\u00ed pro n\u011b v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed koup\u011b nov\u00e9ho automobilu. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b by jim nem\u011bla b\u00fdt tato skute\u010dnost p\u0159ehnan\u011b kladena k&nbsp;t\u00ed\u017ei a pom\u011brn\u00e9 uhrazen\u00ed n\u00e1klad\u016f by nem\u011blo b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzk\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mgr. Karel Gerhardt,&nbsp;advok\u00e1tn\u00ed koncipient \u00davod Je obvyklou situac\u00ed, \u017ee po\u0161kozen\u00fd z dopravn\u00ed nehody si mus\u00ed pronajmout n\u00e1hradn\u00ed automobil, a\u0165 u\u017e do\u0161lo na jeho aut\u011b k&nbsp;tot\u00e1ln\u00edmu po\u0161kozen\u00ed nebo jeho automobil vy\u017eaduje&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":6143,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[30,44],"tags":[59,48,60],"class_list":["post-6142","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-clanky","category-obcanske-pravo","tag-auto","tag-nehoda","tag-pronajem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dg.daniellatal.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6142","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dg.daniellatal.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dg.daniellatal.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dg.daniellatal.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dg.daniellatal.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6142"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/dg.daniellatal.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6142\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6144,"href":"https:\/\/dg.daniellatal.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6142\/revisions\/6144"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dg.daniellatal.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6143"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dg.daniellatal.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6142"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dg.daniellatal.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6142"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dg.daniellatal.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6142"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}